The Reason Banks Are Failing to Lending to Small Businesses
Decline in Bank Lending to Small Businesses
In recent years, big banks have significantly reduced their lending to small businesses. According to the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, the number of commercial and industrial loans for lending to small businesses dropped by 344,000 from 2007 to 2012, despite a 100,000 increase in the number of small businesses.
This trend reflects a broader decline in bank lending to small businesses across various industries. As a small business owner, it can be frustrating to seek funding from large banks.
This article explains why big banks are pulling back from lending to small businesses, outlines what small business loans are, and explores alternative lending to small businesses options.
What is a Small Business Loan?
Types of Small Business Loans
Small business loans come in various amounts, typically ranging from $1,000 to over $10 million, though loans under $1 million are most common. Funding for small businesses can come from banks, private lenders, or alternative sources. Banks might offer loans either entirely at their risk or with partial backing from the Small Business Administration (SBA) to enhance lending to small businesses.
SBA Small Business Loans
SBA loans are popular for lending to small businesses, but they have become less available since 2008. The SBA sets guidelines for loans, which are negotiated with SBA-approved lenders, mainly large banks. To support lending to small businesses, the SBA guarantees a portion of these loans, up to 85% for loans up to $150,000 and 75% for loans over $150,000, with a maximum guarantee of $3,750,000.
Loan Types and Limits
- SBA Express Loans: Up to $350,000
- SBA Export Express Loans: Up to $500,000
- SBA 504 (For Asset Purchases): Up to $6,000,000 (Wells Fargo portion)
- SBA Microloan Program: Up to $50,000
- SBA 7(a) and 504 Loans: Up to $11.25 million
These stringent guidelines and recent financial regulations have made traditional bank lending more challenging.
Reasons for the Decline in Small Business Lending
Tightened Lending Standards
In response to increased regulations, banks have tightened their lending criteria, resulting in fewer small business loans. Common requirements include:
- Revenues of $20 million or less
- Collateral
- Excellent credit (700+ FICO score)
- Proven ability to repay the loan
- Reliable cash flow
- Manageable debt load
- Solid payment history
- A long-term relationship with the bank
Many small business owners struggle to meet the lending criteria due to limited cash flow, lack of banking relationships, and lower credit scores. These requirements can make lending to small businesses challenging, especially for new businesses seeking funding. By improving access to lending for small businesses, more entrepreneurs can overcome these hurdles and secure the financing they need.
Declining Creditworthiness of Small Businesses
Many small business owners face challenges such as low credit scores, high debt-to-income ratios, and gaps in employment or income history. These issues can make it hard for banks to justify lending, particularly under stringent regulations. Lower credit scores also result in higher interest rates, which can exacerbate financial difficulties.
Shift to Larger Loans
Big banks are increasingly focusing on larger loans to maximize profits. Processing costs for small loans are similar to those for large loans, but larger loans often yield more profit. Banks find larger loans more attractive due to higher profit margins and lower perceived risks.
Exploring Alternative Lending Options
What is Alternative Lending?
Alternative lending offers options beyond traditional bank loans. These include:
- Crowdfunding: Raising small amounts of money from many people, usually online. Popular platforms include Kickstarter and GoFundMe.
- Private Lenders: Companies like Global Pacific Advisors, OnDeck, and Can Capital provide loans ranging from $5,000 to $1 million, with less stringent requirements than banks.
- Peer-to-Peer Lending: Platforms like Prosper and Lending Club offer loans based primarily on personal credit history, with amounts ranging from $1,000 to $150,000.
Alternative lenders are often more flexible and less regulated, providing quicker funding with simpler application processes. They are a viable option for small business owners who don’t meet traditional banking standards.
Wrap-Up
The decline in bank lending to small businesses over the past decade is due to tighter regulations, shifting bank priorities, and declining creditworthiness among borrowers. While securing a loan from a bank can be challenging, alternative funding options offer accessible and flexible solutions for small business financing.
The Importance of Access to Capital
Securing capital is crucial for the success of both new and established Small Business Loans for Minorities. Historically, minorities have faced greater challenges in accessing funding. Although there has been progress, with a notable increase in funding applications from women in 2018, disparities still exist. Women are approved for loans at a rate 33% lower than men, with even greater challenges for other minority groups. Understanding business loan repayment options can help navigate these challenges and ensure financial stability for all entrepreneurs.
Resources for Minority Business Owners
State Loan Programs for Women
State Loan Financing Programs offer various economic initiatives to support women in business. By entering your zip code on relevant government websites, you can discover local financing resources. The Small Business Loans for Minorities Administration (SBA) provides nationwide support, and their 45-minute business financing course can help prepare you for applying with SBA-backed sources.
Grants for Minorities
Government Grants
Government grants can support specific projects or organizations in industries like education, technology, and scientific research. These grants often come with strict compliance requirements and are usually not available for start-ups or expansion. Useful resources include:
- Grants.gov: A comprehensive database for government grants.
- Small Business Loans for Minorities Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR): Programs for technological and research innovation.
- Grants for Women Directory: Details about organizations offering grants to women-owned businesses.
- Grant Watch: Search for grants by location and funding source.
Private Grants
Private grants, typically smaller amounts, can complement other financing options. Notable sources include:
- Zion’s Bank Women’s Financial Group: $3,000 grants for women or businesses benefiting underserved populations in Utah and Idaho.
- Amber Grant: Offers $2,000 grants with eligibility for a $25,000 annual grant.
- First Nations Development Institute Grants: Funds native nonprofit organizations or tribes in 39 states and American Samoa.
- Eileen Fisher Grant: $10,000 grants for businesses with a majority female ownership.
- FedEx Small Business Grants: Up to $25,000 for Small Business Loans for Minorities (not specific to minorities).
- Walmart Global Women’s Economic Empowerment Initiative: Assists women-owned businesses with financial grants and product purchases.
- American Association of University Women: Career development grants for women pursuing further education.
- Open Meadows Foundation: $2,000 grants for projects benefiting girls or women.
- Dare to Dream Grant Program: Business development programs for University of Michigan students.
- Halstead Grant: Up to $7,500 for emerging jewelry designers.
- NASE Growth Grants: Monthly $4,000 grants Small Business Loans for Minorities growth.
- Google Ad Grants: Up to $10,000 per month in free advertising for eligible nonprofits.
- Minority Business Development Agency: Offers resources and competitions for minority-owned businesses.
Small Business Loans for Minorities and Banks
Some banks and organizations offer loans specifically tailored to minorities. Examples include:
- Tory Burch Foundation: Loans for women-owned businesses with a sustainable model.
- Women’s Venture Fund: Provides funding and business resources for female entrepreneurs.
- National Minority Supplier Development Council: Helps certified minority-owned businesses connect with corporations.
- Women’s Economic Ventures: Offers loans up to $50,000 for women-owned startups and expanding businesses.
Geographically-Based Small Business Loans for Minorities
Loans and grants available in specific regions can provide support at below-market rates. Examples include:
- Wisconsin Women’s Business Initiative: Loans up to $250,000.
- Economic Development Corporation of Eerie NY: Loans ranging from $25,000 to $500,000.
- Northeastern University Business Loans: Loans from $1,000 to $1 million in Boston.
- Business Outreach Center Network: Up to $50,000 for women-owned businesses in NY.
- Women’s Opportunity Resource Center of Pennsylvania: Loans from $500 to $35,000 in Philadelphia.
- My Entrepreneur Works: Provides loans and training in Philadelphia.
- Maryland Capital Enterprises Inc: Loans up to $250,000 for businesses in Maryland.
Local Bank Programs for Minorities
Several banks offer minority-specific programs, including:
- Key Bank: Loans and resources for women-owned businesses in 14 states.
- PNC: Financial products and services geared towards women.
- Union Bank’s Business Diversity Lending: Helps women-owned businesses qualify for financing.
- Goldman Sachs “10,000 Women”: Provides capital, resources, and mentoring for female entrepreneurs.
- Local First Bank: Offers small business loans to women in North Carolina.
- Live Oak Bank: Provides loans to women-operated businesses with federal contracts.
- American National Bank: Multi-million dollar loans for women-operated businesses in Wisconsin.
- JP Morgan Chase Lift Fund: Small Business Loans for Minorities ranging from $500 to $1,000,000.
Economic Development Agencies and CDFIs
Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs) and economic development agencies offer affordable loans and support:
- CDFI Website (cfdi.org): Find community-based CDFIs.
- Craft3: Small Business Loans for Minorities.
- ACE Women’s Business Center: Loans up to $50,000 and business advisory services.
- AEO Works: Network of community lenders for underserved entrepreneurs.
- Springboard: Accelerates growth capital access for female entrepreneurs.
Venture Capital for Minorities
Venture capital can provide significant funding but is highly competitive. Notable funds include:
- Astia: Offers capital and networking for women entrepreneurs.
- Golden Seeds: Invests in women-led companies.
- 37 Angels: Provides up to $150,000 in funding for women.
- Plum Alley: Invests in gender-diverse companies.
- Women’s Capital Connection: Network of women investors for startups.
- Topstone Angels: Supports women-owned startups across industries.
- BBG Ventures: Invests in women-led mobile and internet startups.
- Belle Capital: Funds women-led technology companies.
- Springboard: Provides capital and advice for women-led businesses.
- Phenomenelle Angels Fund: Invests in early-stage women-owned companies in the Midwest.
- Backstage Capital: Funds companies founded by women, people of color, and LGBT individuals.
- Harriet Fund: Provides capital and mentoring for women-owned startups.
- Female Founders Fund: Invests in women-led tech companies.
Microloans for Minorities
Microloans offer smaller sums of capital, typically up to $35,000, for entrepreneurs:
- Grameen America: Provides microfinancing for women entrepreneurs.
- Accion: Offers microloans up to $50,000 with additional resources.
- SBA Microloan Program: Loans up to $50,000 for start-ups and expansions.
- NY Minority and Women Revolving Loan Trust Fund Program: Loans up to $50,000 with business plan assistance.
- Global Pacific Advisors: Provides microloans starting at $5,000, focusing on monthly revenues.
- Michigan Women’s MicroLoan Fund Program: Loans up to $50,000 for women-owned businesses in Michigan.
Conclusion
At Global Pacific Advisors, we are committed to supporting minorities in their business endeavors. We believe that informed borrowers are empowered borrowers and are here to help you navigate your financing options. If you have questions or need guidance, feel free to reach out.